Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Personal Study Personal Statement Examples - 1394 Words

Areas of interest: Interested in practicing in an underserved area As a clinical Data Specialist at UT Southwestern, I work with multiple charity clinics that serve many of the high need areas of Dallas. Medical Research. As a clinical Data specialist at UT Southwestern, I participate in the research of stem cells and their possible effects on major depressive disorder. Primary Care I work as a clinical coordinator for the Vital Sign 6 project that brings measurement based care of major depressive disorder to the primary care setting. This project aims to increase major depression disorder remission rates at the primary care level. Have you experienced any academic road bumps in your academic career (low academic performance, dropping,†¦show more content†¦One course was across campus and I could not get from that class to my next class on time. The class that was more critical for my degree held priority so I dropped the less important one. What do you like or dislike most about the area you are from; your hometown (500 words or less)? Crawford is a small town with few people, but those people are what makes my hometown so wonderful. Many adolescents today do not hold the same values and work ethics as the generations before them did. They seem to have a sense of entitlement and lack the desire to work hard for the things that are important to them. But in Crawford, we have maintained these old values and I love that about my hometown. I understand the need to broaden my social circle in order to grow and challenge my identity, but there is something so profound about returning to the place you truly call home. I feel at easet there and dont have to censor myself or be politically correct and that’s when I feel most like myself. It is not that I am an offensive person or someone that has difficulty getting along with others, quite the opposite in fact. But at home, I can be myself without fear of judgment or repercussion because my family and community accept me for who I am without reserve. This sense of be longing has provided me with a strong fallback point in my life. Should I ever need it, I know I can always head back to Crawford toShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement of Management Studies Essay examples593 Words   |  3 PagesMy enthusiasm for Management studies is very straightforward/clear: people, throughout life, will either manage or be managed. In both situations management skills are essential. The definitive turning point that confirmed my commitment to Management came at a Model UN in Rome, in March 2013. Whilst taking part in discussions on business related topics among hundreds of students at Luiss University, I strongly improved my analytical skills and developed strategies for helping underdeveloped countriesRead MoreEssay on Cmi 50011128 Words   |  5 PagesManagement amp; Leadership Unit 5001: Personal Development as a Manager and Leader Student Name: | | Delivery Partner: | | Country of Study: | | Date Assignment Submitted: | | Declaration Statement: By submitting this assignment for assessment, I am also confirming that the following report is the result of my own study and efforts. I understand that if this not the case, I will be putting at risk the successful completion of this qualification. Instructions: You are requiredRead MoreThe Impact Of Service Learning On Residency Interviews1547 Words   |  7 Pagesresidency personal statements. The aim of the study is to investigate how a narrative focused on the benefits of service learning in residency personal statements influence the resident selection process. METHODS Senior medical students completed a voluntary, confidential on-line survey to measure perceived influence of service learning on residency interviews. Student also uploaded their residency personal statements as part of the survey. Content analysis was conducted on the personal statements toRead MoreHow to Write a Supporting Statement1268 Words   |  6 Pagessupporting statements and personal statements Applications – the basics (Givens: to really take seriously, work on a photocopy/sheet of paper first, keep a copy of what has been sent, complete in black biro) †¢ Do not scatter-gun. Decide on a direction and stick at it. †¢ Put in your best effort – they WILL notice if you don’t. †¢ ‘Full’ or ‘complete’ details means what it says. Where it doesn’t, you may have licence to pick and choose. †¢ Personal/supportingRead MoreImportance Of Demystifying Medical School Admission757 Words   |  4 Pageshumor, personal stories, and advice, combined with the panelists created an energetic presentation style that managed to keep me up so early in the morning. In addition, while much of the presentation was admittedly a recap of information I already knew, there were a few pieces of valuable information presented. One bit of information was the deconstruction of the personal statement. I did not know there were actually two components to the personal statement: the disadvantage statement and theRead MoreRhetorical Strategies Used By Jason Lee Steorts For The Atlantic1536 Words   |  7 Pagesto while writing this article. Yet, When there is use, there is also misuse. It is through this case that even some misuse of the rhetorical strategies can lead a well balanced opinion article to become a very bias â€Å"puff piece.† One of the main examples of this, especially pertaining to the use of persuasion ( ethos, logos and pathos), is in an opinion piece written by Jason Lee Steorts for The Atlantic. This article was titled â€Å"When Should Cops Be Able to Use Deadly Force?† and for a controversialRead MoreAttitudes And Job Satisfaction - Walt Henderson1276 Words   |  6 Pagesand Job Satisfaction – Walt Henderson In the case study titled Walt Henderson, Walt Henderson works for a drafting company along side thirty other technicians that are supervised by two inspectors. Walt is demonstrating issues of a negative or unfavorable attitude at work. According to this class’s textbook â€Å"Attitudes are evaluative statements – either favorable or unfavorable – about objects, people, or events† (Robbins, and Judge 66). The study at hand, shows that Walt is a hard working individualRead MoreThe Relationship Between A Ball And A Harsh Place : A Study Of Black Male Community College Student Athletes And Academic1346 Words   |  6 PagesIn the article, Between a ball and a harsh place: A study of Black Male Community College Student-Athletes and Academic Progress, by Horton, Horton, Jr, research was conducted about how black male community college student athletes and the relationship between their ability to do well in school, compared to other non-student athletes. In th is article, I will be discussing the different parts of the research process that is used throughout the reading. In the following, I will be discussing; theRead MoreThe Working Alliance Between Supervisor And Supervisee970 Words   |  4 Pagesbenefits of a strong supervisory working alliance, self-disclosure received increased empirical attention. In this, we are beginning to understand the important role that self-disclosure plays within the supervisory learning environment. In their study of 108 clinical supervisees, Ladany and collegues (1996) demonstrated that students who reported a strong supervisory working alliance were more likely to self-disclose information deemed useful to learning, and were overall more satisfied with theirRead MoreComparative And Normative Function As A Standard Of Behavior1617 Words   |  7 Pagestowards others to see how they compare in terms of behavior and values. The normative function acts as a standard of behavior; when we are uncertain, we will look towards others to determine what is the normal and accepted. Sherif’s 1935 Autokinetic study provides a case of when normative influence becomes internalized. Participants were engaged in a perceptual judgment task either alone or in a group and were instructed to look at a light in a dark room. Although the light is stationary, it appears

Oedipus Rex By Oedipus The King - 1206 Words

Oedipus’ evolution throughout the Theban plays is one with fascinating twists and turns. Oedipus’ characterisation evolves and changes as he experiences the fall from being the great ruler of Thebes into a blind beggar who is tortured by what he did. As the stories progress, so does their protagonist to the point where the Oedipus of the second play is a completely different man. In Oedipus Rex, the main character is portrayed as a strong and clever yet arrogant king whose ignorance leads him to his downfall while in Oedipus at Colonus, he is a changed man who has accepted that his fate is out of his control and who respects the gods’ influence on human life. In Oedipus Rex, the title character displays many great heroic qualities. He is portrayed as a good ruler who cares for his people and aims to protect the city he has been trusted with. From the moment he solves the Sphinx’s riddle, Oedipus’ relationship with Thebes begins and with it the implicit trust its citizen place on him. It’s obvious from the very beginning of the play that he is written as a strong capable ruler who takes his people’s needs into consideration. As the play opens, he says to the begging citizen: â€Å"You can trust me. I am ready to help, I’ll do anything† (Sophocles, line 13-14, p. 159). It shows the strong relationship he has with his people. Furthermore, when the Theban people beg Oedipus to act against the plague that has been troubling their land, it is revealed that he has already sent CreonShow MoreRelatedOedipus The King, Or Oedipus Rex1249 Words   |  5 Pagesmost famous probably being Sophocles’ Oedi pus the King, or Oedipus Rex. For a play to be considered a tragedy, it must have a tragic hero. According to Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero, they must be a decent moral person, of high social standing who eventually meets with a tragic downfall, of their own doing, suffering more than deserved, and realizing their error too late. In the play Oedipus the King, Oedipus is the epitome of a tragic hero. Oedipus Rex was generally a â€Å"good† person; he wasRead MoreOedipus The King, Oedipus Rex1329 Words   |  6 PagesIn Sophocles’ 5th century Greek tragedy Oedipus the King, Oedipus Rex infamously murders his father and weds his mother in a bout of dramatic irony. This engenders the predicament of whether these crimes are justifiable or not. Those who are procrustean in regards to Oedipus’ crimes may insularly claim that they cannot be rationalized. However, further acknowledgement of this quandary brings forth the idea that Oedipus’ crimes of patricide and incest are clearly justified by how his lack of phronesisRead MoreOedipus Rex, Or Oedipus The King972 Words   |  4 PagesOedipus Rex, or Oedipus the King, has been translated thousands of times from the original ancient Greek version to English of varying recency. Consequently, each work varies incredibly in its meaning and its presentation of Oedipus and the tragedy surrounding him. Two translat ions of Sophocles’ ancient play, one translated by Robert Fagles and the other by J.T. Shepherd, are perfect illustrations of this concept. Although these two works share several similarities, they vary greatly in their presentationRead More tragoed The Tragic Figure of Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex)923 Words   |  4 PagesThe Tragic Figure of Oedipus Rex  Ã‚     Ã‚   Sophocles is perhaps one of the greatest tragedians ever. Sophocles said that a man should never consider himself fortunate unless he can look back on his life and remember that life without pain. For Oedipus Rex, looking back is impossible to do without pain. This pain stems from his prideful life. Oedipus is aware that he alone is responsible for his actions. Oedipus freely chooses to pursue and accept his own lifes destruction. Even though fate victimizesRead More tragoed Essay on the Tragic Flaws of Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex)696 Words   |  3 Pages The Tragic Flaws of Oedipus Rex nbsp; At one time in our lives there is a moment that we may think of ourselves as better than someone or something else. There may also be a point when making a decision leads to a great error in judgment. In the play Oedipus Rex, written by Sophocles, both of these characteristics can be seen in the main character. These characteristics are known as tragic flaws. These flaws are known as hubris meaning excess pride, leading to overconfidence, and hamartiaRead More Comparing Oedipus Rex and King Lear Essay1478 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Oedipus Rex and King Lear   Ã‚   Oedipus Rex and King Lear are, as their titles announce, both about kings. These two plays are similar in theme and in the questions they pose to the audience. The kings in each play both fall from the pinnacle of power to become the most loathed of all classes in society; Oedipus discovers that he is a murderer and committer of incest, and Lear becomes a mad beggar. Misjudgments occur in both plays, and the same questions about the gods, fate, and freeRead More tragoed Oedipus as the Ideal Tragic Hero of Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex)1217 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus as the Ideal Tragic Hero of Oedipus the King In the introduction to Sophocles Oedipus the King, Sophocles defines a tragic hero as one who [behaves] admirably as a man, [but who] is nevertheless tripped up by forces beyond his control and understanding... (Sophocles 76).   In Oedipus the King, Oedipus is the tragic hero. The force that trips up the hero is fate, or, moira. It is Oedipuss actions that set the events into motion,   but it is ultimately his fate, and his attemptedRead More Comparing the Strategy of a Runner with that of King Oedipus of Oedipus Rex and Creon of Antigone1859 Words   |  8 PagesComparing the Strategy of a Runner with that of King Oedipus of Oedipus Rex and Creon of Antigone A runner must use a strategy that is specific to that style of racing. If a distance runner attempts to apply pacing to a short sprint he has lost the race before approaching the start. Although racing strategies differ between every individual race it is possible to associate some basic strategies used in particular types of races. These techniques are common amongst the runnersRead More The Impact of Truth in Oedipus Rex (the King) Essay example1205 Words   |  5 Pages The Impact of Truth in Oedipus Rex (the King)nbsp;nbsp; Truth has made me strong. This is a quote from Tiresias, one of the characters in Sophocless tragedy, Oedipus Rex. The quote has different meaning and relevance for each of the different characters, but for the character of Creon, the quote is completely true. By the end of the play, the truth had not only prompted Oedipus to forgive Creon, clearing his name of any previous accusations, but the truth had also made Creon OedipussRead More tragoed Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex) as Ideal Tragic Hero1245 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus Rex as the Ideal Tragic Hero If we give ourselves up to a full sympathy with the hero, there is no question that the Oedipus Rex fulfills the function of a tragedy, and arouses fear and pity in the highest degree. But the modern reader, coming to the classic drama not entirely for the purpose of enjoyment, will not always surrender himself to the emotional effect. He is apt to worry about Greek fatalism and the justice of the downfall of Oedipus, and, finding no satisfactory solution

Monday, December 23, 2019

The Struggle for Identity in A Dolls House - 1094 Words

The naturalism focuses that led to identity struggles in the novels The Time of the doves and A Doll’s House victimizing the characters. Characters in both novels have demonstrated a naturalism focus in the Time of the Doves and A Doll’s House. Naturalism in novels is a literary movement that involves environments, heredity and social conditions in determining the human character. In the novels, the characters are incapable of determining the outcome of their own lives because it is predestined by what they inherit from both experiences and ancestors in their lives. Due to the circumstances of their lives being undetermined, they have struggles throughout their life and relationships trying to find their identity. One of the†¦show more content†¦This passage replicates on Natalia’s character because she does not know how to say no. Natalia shows no effort in trying to control her own life; instead she lets the people in her life control her judgments. By this time, Natalia is the wife of a controlling husband and her environment is in the middle of the Spanish Civil War in 1939. Quimet, Natalia ’s husband, volunteers for the Republican side against the nationalist. During this war Quimet dies and Natalia is left with no money, kids, and doves that Quimet wanted and kept. In this part of the novel, it is portraying Natalia as a victim of time and history. Another impression of naturalism in Time of the Doves is Cintet’s character before and during the war. â€Å"While I was heating the water for his coffee he( Cintet )said how sad he was that peaceful happy people like us had gotten mixed up in a piece of history like that. And while he sipped his coffee he went on to say it was to read about history in books than to make it with guns .† In the beginning of the war before this passage, Cintet was one of the characters who always chattered about patrolling the streets. Cintet was concerned about every part of responsibility that was necessary as a solider toShow MoreRelatedThe Power of Relationship in Hemingways Cat in the Rain and Ibsens A Dolls House65 1 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿The power of relationship is a major theme in both Hemingways Cat in the Rain, and in Ibsens A Dolls House. In both stories, patriarchy is the pervasive social structure under which the individual relationships develop. Relationship therefore defines and reinforces gender roles and norms. The heterosexual dynamic also constructs and reinforces individual identity. Romantic relationships have the power to perpetuate social norms and values, especially those related to gender. Furthermore,Read MoreRights of Women in the Nineteenth Century and in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House1103 Words   |  5 PagesRevolution, the conflict between classes and the struggle among workers were becoming more and more intense, especially among women. By responding to French Rvolution, â€Å"Liberty† was the key word for nineteenth century (The Nineteenth Century, 509). Henrik Ibsen wrote a famous play called A Doll’s House in 1879. Ibsen illustrat es the status and confinement of the women at the time, but his play does not attempt to solve the problems. However, A Doll’s House does express the need and desire for the womenRead MoreHenrik Ibsens A Dolls House1489 Words   |  6 Pageswith many other types of literature, drama relies on several separate components all working together to tell a story. These components serve to draw an audience in, create a believable situation, and illicit a particular response. The play â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Henrik Ibsen provides an excellent example for analysis, with each component strongly supported. Often the first, and most obvious, component that can be observed when reading drama is the point of view that it is written from. PointRead MoreBibo1025 Words   |  5 Pagespaper. Feminism Fiction Brunnemer, Kristin. Sexuality in Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House. In Bloom, Harold, ed. Human Sexuality, Blooms Literary Themes. New York: Chelsea House Publishing, 2009. Blooms Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. Web. 6 Nov. 2012. In this article, Kristin Brunnemer explores writer Henrik Ibsen and the transformation of Nora, the main character in Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House† (Brunnemer 1). There is much debate over whether Ibsen intended to promoteRead MoreDolls House996 Words   |  4 Pagesjust about males or just about females; its about humans living as one. In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, humanism is shown through every single word and every single detail. A Doll’s House centers on humanism because it demonstrates the search for identity, living up to societal standards, and believing that men and women are equal. Throughout the entire play, each character searches for their true identity. First by her father then by Torvald, Nora is treated like a doll her entire life. She doesRead MoreThe Transformation of a Woman - Ibsens a Dolls House1437 Words   |  6 PagesThe Transformation of a Woman In Henrik Ibsen’s play, A Doll’s House, the character of Nora Helmer is a woman who undergoes a profound life revelation that results in her becoming a woman with a belief structure and understanding of self that is far ahead of her time. At the beginning of the play, Nora thinks as a woman of her era; her identity is formed as her father’s daughter and continued as a wife to Torvald Helmer. At the end of the play Nora â€Å"discovers her individuality then walksRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1639 Words   |  7 PagesIn the play A Doll’s House, Henrik Ibsen examines the roles of a woman during the nineteenth century in a male dominated Victorian society. The play is a well-played out journey of the main character, Nora, self-discovery and struggles against the oppression of her husband Torvald and the society he represents. Nora, who is the wife of Torvald Helmer, is the heroine of the play in the end. At the beginning of Act I, the scene is a clear picture of the lifestyle of the Helmer’s household. TheRead MorePatriarchy in Ibsens A Dolls House647 Words   |  3 Pagesand norms are challenged, critiqued, and ultimately shattered in Henrik Ibsens play A Dolls House. Because Torvald has too much vested in his patriarchal role as sole provider, he cannot bear the fact that his wife Nora borrowed money on the sly to help him. Her act represented a breach of social codes, a subversion of the gender norms that Torvald and his sympathizers have come to count on for their identity and worldview. Whereas Nora feels it fully natural for a human being to help another, TorvaldRead MoreIndividualism Vs Society, A Doll s House1589 Words   |  7 PagesIndividualism vs Society, â€Å"A Doll’s House† Struggle In the 19th century Victorian society, individuals were expected to follow strict generalized standards for what is considered, acceptable conduct. With his play, â€Å"A Doll’s House†, Ibsen captures conflicts, especially for women, to abide by the standards placed by society. While Nora the main character at first seems to fulfil her role as the perfect mother and wife, she is eventually divided between her obligations as a woman, and her need toRead MoreAn analysis of A Doll’s House main theme: Independence Essay934 Words   |  4 Pages In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, Nora Helmer is a traditional â€Å"angel in the house† she is a human being, but first and foremost a wife and a mother who is devoted to the care of her children, and the happiness of her husband. The play is influenced by the Victorian time period when the division of men and women was evident, and each gender had their own role to conform to. Ibsen’s views on these entrenched values is what lead to the A Doll’s House becoming so controversial as the main overarching

`` How Happy Are You And Why - 1247 Words

In her article â€Å"How Happy Are You and Why?,† Sonja Lyubomirsky argues that people have control over their own happiness. Lyubomirsky supports her claims with her interviews with happy people and scientific studies. Her purpose is to consider steps that people can take in order to become happier. She establishes an informal relationship with her audience of unhappy people. Lyubomirsky focuses on social psychology and the â€Å"development of ‘sustainable’ happiness† (179). She brings the idea of genetics into happiness and different aspects of happiness. She determines that there are three factors to happiness, and she also has a Subjective Happiness Scale to measure happiness. According to Lyubomirsky, the three aspects of happiness are†¦show more content†¦Lyubomirsky defines happiness as the â€Å"experience of joy, contentment, or positive well-being, combined with a sense that one’s life is good, meaningful, and worthwhile† ( 184). She challenges the myths that people can find happiness by changing their circumstances and that people either are â€Å"born happy or unhappy† (186). Happiness is not something that can be found or something that not everyone can have. People make their own happiness, despite the difficulties they may face. Happiness comes by â€Å"choosing to change and manage your state of mind† (185). Lyubomirsky gives cases of people who are happy even though they suffer from losses and setbacks. These are the people whose circumstances should make them unhappy, but their intentional actions bring them joy. She also gives cases of people who have not suffered any major losses but are still unhappy because they may see events negatively and feel helpless before them. Lyubomirsky asserts that â€Å"changes in our circumstances, no matter how positive and stunning, actually have little bearing on our well-being† (186). Even though a person’s circumstances may be p ositive, those circumstances do not make them happy. Lyubomirsky uses a Subjective Happiness Scale to measure happiness, which takes the average of numerical answers to four questions. She argues that in order to become happier, â€Å"you need to determine your present personal happiness level, which will provide your first estimate of your happinessShow MoreRelatedDeath of a Salesman1452 Words   |  6 Pagesfamiliar with New England and they don’t need him in New York. 6. Identify Biff and Happy. They are Willy’s sons. Biff is two years older than Happy. Biff has been unsuccessful. He wants to be successful, but he likes working outside on the farm. Biff is well-built but now lacks confidence. Happy is tall, strong and oozes sexuality. He is positive but hides his sense of loss behind his confidence. Happy seems to like to hide his problems. 7. In the first scene with Linda, Willy contradictedRead MoreHappy Endings By Margaret Atwood1228 Words   |  5 PagesAtwood’s, â€Å"Happy Endings,† the author writes about the nature of life. Throughout the short story, Atwood describes ‘happy endings’ through six different scenarios, which are all based around the characters, John and Mary. At the end of each scenario, the ending is all the same â€Å"John and Mary die. John and Mary die. John and Mary die† (Atwood, 1984). Within the six different scenarios, Atwood describes how life is not what we expect to be, how it can end in the upmost perfect happy ending or how it couldRead More500 Word Essay on a Kind Thing I Did for Someone630 Words   |  3 Pagescouples being allowed to marry is brought up there’s almost always an argument started. It’s viewed by many as wrong and many think it should remain illegal, but why? If two people are happy, no matter the gender, why should anything stop them from marrying? Male and female, male and male, or female and female, it shouldn’t matter; if they’re happy and want to marry, let them. Most often the idea of gay marriage is viewed as wrong because of religion. In the bible it states that marriage should be betweenRead MoreThe Silly Jokes For Kids1725 Words   |  7 Pageslight up someone’s face and if you ask me, people look more beautiful and attractive when they are happy. At least I know I do. What better way is there to charm someone if not by making them laugh? One of the major reasons why kids are usually drawn to people is because of their abilities to make them happy and keep them laughing all the way to a happy ending. Trust me; no one can resist a charmer, let alone kids. It is easy to tickle a child’s sense of humor. You just have to have a good jokeRead MoreHappy Birthday Speech Essay943 Words   |  4 PagesOk, ladies, I am going to be honest with you on this one. Every time I hear this question, all I want to say is – why won’t people leave their exes alone? No, seriously, why not leave them alone? Can you imagine if all of your exes were texting you ‘Happy Birthday’? Wouldn’t that be creepy? And now, to take one step further, let’s not forget that our calendars are full of other important dates – Christmas, New Year, Valentine’s Day, Thanksgiving†¦ Should you send them your ‘best wishes’ on these daysRead MoreSummary Of Lizzy Bamford 1548 Words   |  7 PagesBamford Over seven billion people roam this planet searching. Looking for a purpose or a reason for why they are where they are. The actual probability of existing today is one in four hundred trillion. That s a miracle. So what is our purpose and why us? According to Market Wired about 53% of the human population considers themselves happy, so why is one of the most googled questions â€Å"how to be happy?†? All of this started to strike a chord with me so I decided to dig deeper and try and answer someRead MoreThe Importance Of Happiness713 Words   |  3 Pageshappened in your life today, you can still choose to be happy. By choosing to be unhappy you put yourself in a sorrowful and melancholia mindset, which isnt good for your mental and physical health. First and foremost, attitude is a huge factor in choosing to be happy. A good attitude and look on life creates happiness in our lives. If we have a bad attitude, nothing will ever make you happy. Many people take different extremes to make themselves feel happy. Some people choose drugsRead MoreThe True Meaning Of Being Happy1012 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is happiness? What does it mean to be happy? Is happiness real? These questions are the most frequently asked questions that most people ask themselves. By definition, being happy is when something is feeling or showing pleasure or contentment. But, what is the true meaning of being happy? Many people view happiness in many different aspects. Pharrell Williams’s song â€Å"Happy† did just that. It tells people that they don’t have to seek hard to be happy. It is within one’s self. Unlike mostRead MoreThe Poem The Refuge 1233 Words   |  5 Pages This is funny to say that I was, I am, and and will be great title winner, where nobody loose but I the winner always win. You may think I am dumb and talk about I am being winner is dumbest thing I have ever talk. You can call me whatever you can because I was born with great title that few people in this world had, have, and will have. The title that might get you to know what is that. Let s talk about Bhutan. I think everybody know that country Bhutan that is known as â€Å"World s HappiestRead MoreThe Happy, Film, You Look At Yourself And How You View The Meaning Happy1345 Words   |  6 PagesAfter watching the â€Å"Happy† film, you look at yourself and how you view the meaning happy. You begin asking yourself questions to find an answer after analyzing your life, Am I truly happy? Why am I or am I not happy? Everyone in the documentary shared what made them happy and some had nothing but didn’t care because they were surrounded by family and friends, which showed that’s all they needed. What moved me after watching the film was how happiness is taken for granted. What people I encounter

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Khobar Towers Bombing Free Essays

The following document will look at the operations that took place in the bombing as well as how they got the money to fund the implementation of the bombing, as well as the association of the terrorist with the governments that funded them. It will also look at how the government of America responded. Introduction Khobar Towers bombing is an attack that was organized by Islamic terrorists and it is said to have taken place in the city of Khobar situated in Saudi Arabia. We will write a custom essay sample on Khobar Towers Bombing or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is a building that provided housing to the Americans who had come to work in Saudi Arabia. The group that is said to be responsible for the attacks was the Saudi Arabia Hezbollah (Risen et al). The amount of money that was needed to carry out the operation was 1. 2 million dollars (Burrough). They got this money from collaborating with the Iranian government that gave them the gasoline and the explosives that were needed. Al Qaeda is also said to have funded the group to carry out the operations. The members of Hezbollah were affiliated with Al Qaeda and the government of Iraq. There was no training that was carried out since the group was already well trained. The government provides the necessary funds for the operations; this is because after the Gulf war, they wanted the Americans to get out of their land. The government of US reacted by evacuating the other Americans that were in the country and moving them in their own country. Investigations were carried out and there were some people who were arrested and charged for the crime. Before the crime the housing complex and its surroundings was under tight security that it could not have been imagined that such attacks would be carried out (CNN). References Bryan Burrough (November 6, 2005). â€Å"‘My FBI’: Heroes and Villains†. The New York Times. Retrieved on 2006-06-11. Risen, James, Jane Perlez (June 23, 2001). â€Å"Terrorism and Iran: Washington’s Policy Performs a Gingerly Balancing Act†, The New York Times. Both sides decry new Ruby Ridge charges†. CNN (August 21, 1997). Retrieved on 2008-12-11. How to cite Khobar Towers Bombing, Papers

The Hero And The Crown Part Two Chapter 23 Free Essays

AFTER THAT THE DAY belonged to the Damarians, for between the White Rider and the Scarlet there was no hope for the Northerners. But it was nonetheless a long and bitter day for the victors, and they lost many more of their people before it was over, including many simple folk who had never held weapons in their lives before, but who preferred the deadly risk of the battlefield to the terrible passive waiting to hear the final news. The Northerners, too, were slow to acknowledge defeat, even after they knew there was no chance left of their winning. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hero And The Crown Part Two Chapter 23 or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this war no captives were taken, for a captive demon is a danger to his jailer. It was not till evening drew near, and Talat was limping heavily with weariness, and Aerin held on to her saddle with her shieldless hand, that the remaining Damarians began to be able to gather at the foot of the king’s way before the City gates, and lay down their arms, and think about rest. The Northerners were fleeing at last, fleeing as best they might, on three legs, or four, or five; some crawled. What Damarians had yet the strength pursued the slowest and gave them the last blow of mercy, but as darkness fell they left their treacherous enemies to the shadows, and crowded around the fire that had been built near the last standing monolith. There was little rejoicing, for all were weary, bone-weary, death-weary; and they had had so little hope that morning that now in the evening they had not yet truly begun to believe they had won after all. And there were the wounded to attend to; and all those still left on their legs helped, for there were few enough of them. Many of them were children, for even the healers had taken sword or knife by the end and gone into battle. But the youngest children could at least carry bandages, and collect sticks for the fire, and carry small skins of water to fill the great pot hung over the fire; and as there was no child who had not lost a father or mother or elder brother or sister, the work was the best comfort the weary remaining Damarians could give them. Aerin and Tor were among those still whole, and they helped as they could. No one noticed particularly at the time, but later it was remembered that most of those who had felt the hands of the first sol, her blue sword still hanging at her side, or of the first sola, the Hero’s Crown still set over his forehead, its dull grey still shadowed with red, recovered, however grave their wounds. At the time all those fortunate enough to feel those hands noticed was that their touch brought unexpected surcease of pain; and at the time that was all any could think of or appreciate. Perlith had died on the battlefield. He had led his company of cavalry tirelessly through the last endless weeks, and his men had followed him loyally, with respect if not with love; for they trusted his coolness in battle, and learned to trust his courage; and because even as he grew worn and haggard as the siege progressed, his tongue never lost its cleverness or its cutting edge. He died on the very last day, having come unscathed so far, and his horse came back without him after darkness had fallen, and the saddle still on its back was bloody. Galanna was holding a bowl of water for a healer when Perlith’s horse came back, and someone whispered the news to her where she knelt. She looked up at the messenger, who was too weary himself to have any gentleness left for the breaking of bad news, and said only, â€Å"Thank you for telling me.† She lowered her eyes to the pink-tinted water again and did not move. The healer, who had known her well in better days, looked at her anxiously, but she showed no sign of distress or of temper; and the healer too was weary beyond gentleness, and thought no more about it. Galanna was conscious that her hair needed washing, that her gown was torn and soiled – that her hands would be trembling were it not for the weight of the bowl she carried; that someone had just told her that Perlith was dead, that his horse had returned with a blood-stained saddle. She tried to think about this, but her mind would revert to her hair, for her scalp itched; and then she thought, I wil l not see my husband again, it does not matter if my hair is clean or not. I do not care if my hair is ever clean again. And she stared dry-eyed into the bowl she held. But the second sola was not the worst of their losses. Kethtaz had fallen in battle too, and everyone had lost sight of Arlbeth for a time – just at the time when Aerin and Tor met and Aerin forced the Hero’s Crown over Tor’s head. They two looked for him anxiously, and it was Aerin who found him, fighting on foot, a long grim wound in his thigh, so that he could not move around much, but could only meet those who came to him. But his sword arm rose and fell as though it were a machine that knew no pain or weariness. â€Å"Up behind me,† said Aerin; â€Å"I will carry you back to the gates, and they will find you another horse†; but Arlbeth shook his head. â€Å"Come,† Aerin said feverishly. â€Å"I cannot,† said Arlbeth, and turned that his daughter might see the blood that matted his tunic and breeches to his right leg. â€Å"I cannot scramble up behind you with only one leg – in your saddle without stirrups.† â€Å"Gods,† said Aerin, and flung herself out of the saddle, and knelt down before her father. â€Å"Get up, then.† Arlbeth, with horrible slowness, clambered to Aerin’s shoulders, while she bit her lips over the clumsy cruel weight of him, and while her folstza and yerig kept a little space cleared around the three of them, and he got into Talat’s saddle, and slumped forward on his old horse’s neck. â€Å"Gods,† said Aerin again, and her voice broke. â€Å"Well, go on, then,† she said to Talat; â€Å"take him home.† But Talat only stood, and looked bewildered, and shivered; and she thumped him on the flank with her closed fist. â€Å"Go on! How long can they hold them off for us? Go!† But Talat only swerved away from her and came back, and would not leave, and Arlbeth sank lower and lower across his withers. â€Å"Help me,† whispered Aerin, but there was no one to hear; Tor and the rest of them were hard pressed and too far away; and so she raised Gonturan again, and ran forward on foot, and speared the first Northerner she found beyond the little ring of wild dog and cat; and Talat followed her, humbly carrying his burden and keeping close on his lady’s heels. And so they brought Arlbeth to the gates of his City, and two old men too crippled to fight helped his daughter pull him down from Talat’s saddle. He seemed to come a little awake then, and he smiled at Aerin. â€Å"Can you walk a little?† she said, the tears pouring down her face. â€Å"A little,† he whispered, and she pulled his arm around her shoulders, and staggered off with him; and the two old men stumbled on before her, and shouted for blankets, and three children came from the shadows, and looked at their bloody king and his daughter with wide panicky eyes. But they brought blankets and cloaks, and Arlbeth was laid down on them by the shadow of one of the fallen monoliths at his City’s gates. â€Å"Go on,† murmured Arlbeth. â€Å"There’s no good you can do me.† But Aerin stayed by him, weeping, and held his hands in her own; and from her touch a little warmth strayed into the king’s cold hands, and the warmth penetrated to his brain. He opened his eyes a little wider. He muttered something she could not hear, and as she bent lower over him he jerked his hands out of hers and said, â€Å"Don’t waste it on me; I’m too old and too tired. Save Damar for yourself and for Tor. Save Damar.† His eyes closed, and Aerin cried, â€Å"Father! Father – I brought the Crown back with me.† Arlbeth smiled a little, she thought, but did not open his eyes again. Aerin stood up and ran downhill to where Talat waited, and scrambled onto him and surged back into the battle, and the battle heat took her over at last, and she need think no more, but was become only an extension of a blue sword that she held in her hand; and so she went on, till the battle was over. Arlbeth was dead when she returned to him. Tor was there already, crouched down beside him, tear marks making muddy stains on his face. And there, facing each other over the king’s body, they talked a little, for the first time since Aerin had ridden off in the night to seek Luthe, and her life. â€Å"We’ve been besieged barely a month,† Tor said; â€Å"but it seems centuries. But we’ve been fighting – always retreating, always coming back to the City, riding out again less far; always bringing a few more survivors from more burnt-out villages here for shelter – always fighting, for almost a year. It began †¦ shortly after you left.† Aerin shivered. Tor said, and he sounded bewildered, â€Å"Even so, it has not been so very long; wars have lasted years, generations. But this time, somehow, we felt defeated before we began. Always we were weary and discouraged; we never rode out in hope that we could see victory.† He paused a minute, and stared down at the shadowed peaceful face of their king. â€Å"It’s actually been a bit better these last weeks; perhaps we only adjusted finally to despair.† Later they spoke in snatches as they tended their horses and helped elsewhere as they could. Aerin, numb with shock and sorrow, did not think of her father’s last words to her, and did not think there might be special healing in her hands, or in the hands of him who wore the Hero’s Crown; for that was something else that Luthe had forgotten to teach her. And so she went merely where there was a cry for an extra pair of hands. But somehow she and Tor managed to stay near each other, and the presence of the other was to each a comfort. Aerin thought of a black tower falling as she tucked blankets, of the Hero’s Crown no longer on the head of one who worked to do Damar evil as she pinned bandages; and as she crouched for a moment near the great campfire that threw wild shadows on the walls of her City, she thought of words spoken by another fire: How could anyone be so stupid as to bring back the Black Dragon’s head as a trophy and hang it on a wall for folk to gape at? Abruptly she turned to Tor and said; â€Å"Where is Maur’s head?† Tor stared at her; he was dazed with grief and exhaustion even as she was, and he could not think who Maur was. â€Å"Before I left, I asked that Maur’s head be put somewhere that I need not look at it. Do you know where it was taken?† There was urgency in her question, suddenly, although she herself did not know why; but the urgency penetrated the fog in Tor’s mind. â€Å"In – in the treasure hall, I believe,† Tor said uncertainly. â€Å"I’m not sure.† Aerin reeled to her feet, and a plush-furred black head was at once beneath her hand, propping her up. â€Å"I must go there.† â€Å"Now?† Tor said unhappily, looking around. â€Å"Then I’ll go too †¦. We’ll have to walk; there isn’t a fresh horse in all the City.† It was a brutally long walk, almost all uphill, for the king’s castle stood at the City’s peak, a lower Hat-topped shoulder within the encircling mountains. Several of Aerin’s army came with them, and the tallest ones silently supported Tor, and he wonderingly stroked the heads and backs he found beneath his fingers. â€Å"A long story you have to tell me,† Tor said; it was not a question. Aerin smiled as much of a smile as her weariness allowed. â€Å"A very long story.† She was much too tired to weep any more, but she sighed, and perhaps Tor heard something in that sigh, for he edged a yerig out of the way and put an arm around her, and they toiled up together, leaning on each other. The castle was deserted. Tomorrow many of the sick and wounded would be brought here; for this night they would stay by the fire at the foot of the king’s way, for even the hale and whole had no strength left, and there had been no one in the City during the last days’ fighting; all had been below, doing what they could. Tor found candles, and by some wonder he still carried his flint. The castle was eerie in its silence and solitude and darkness; and Aerin’s tiredness drew little dancing designs at the corners of her sight and pulled the shadows closer in around the candlelight. She found she had to follow Tor blindly; she had spent almost her whole life in these halls, and yet in but a few months she had forgotten her way through them; and then horribly she remembered climbing centuries of stairs in a darkness very like this, and she shivered violently, and her breath hissed through her teeth. Tor glanced at her and held out his free hand, and she took it gratefully for she had been all alone on those other stairs. â€Å"Here we are, I believe,† Tor said. She dropped his hand so that he could attend to the lock, one of the small magics she had never been able to learn. He muttered a moment, touched the door in five places, and the door slid open. A blast of grief, of the deaths of children, of crippling diseases that took beauty at once but withheld death; of unconsummated love; of love lost or twisted and grown to hate; of noble deeds that proved useless, that broke the hearts of their doers; of betrayal without reason, of guilt without penance, of all the human miseries that have ever occurred; all this struck them, like the breath of a slaughterhouse, or the blow of a murderer. Tor fell to his knees and covered his face with his hands, and the beasts cringed back, moaning. Aerin put out her hand, leaned against the doorframe; just this she had feared, had half expected; yet the reality was much worse than what her tired mind had been able to prepare her for. Greetings, said Maur’s head. I did not think to have the pleasure of seeing you again. It is you, responded Aerin. She opened her mouth to gasp, and despair rushed in, bitter as aloes. Tears filled her eyes, but she pushed herself away from the threshold and bent slowly and carefully to pick up the candle Tor had set down before he opened the door. She shook her head to clear her vision, held the candle aloft, and stepped inside the high vaulted room, despite the silent keening of the air. I know despair, she said. There is nothing more that you can show me. Oh? The keening changed tone and madness edged it, drifted across her skin, fluttered in her hair like bats’ wings; she ducked, and the candle guttered and almost went out. Maur laughed. She remembered that silent hollow laugh. Angry, she said: Nothing! â€Å"Aerin,† a voice said hoarsely behind her: Tor. â€Å"Light my way – I cannot – see you.† The words dragged out of him as he dragged himself to his feet. â€Å"This – is why – we’ve been – so – tired – all along.† â€Å"Yes.† The sibilant hissed in the silence like adders’ tongues, but Aerin’s anger made a small clear space around her, and her beasts crept to her feet and breathed it gratefully, and Tor staggered to her like a man crossing a narrow bridge to freedom, and put an arm around her again, but this time it was for his own comfort. â€Å"Tor,† she said calmly, â€Å"we must get rid of Maur’s head. Get it out of the City.† Tor shook his head slowly; not in refusal but confusion. â€Å"How? It is too huge; we cannot lift it. We must wait †¦.† Wait, snickered Maur’s head. â€Å"No.† Aerin looked around wildly. The reek of despair stilt tingled in her nostrils and in her brain, and her anger was ebbing. She had to think. How? â€Å"We can roll it,† she said at last. â€Å"It’s roundish. We can roll it downstairs, and then downhill – out of the City gates.† She thrust the candle at him. â€Å"Hold this.† She walked purposefully up to the low platform where Maur’s skull lay; the shadows in the eye sockets glinted. Her beasts came after her, clinging to her shadow; and Tor came behind them, just clear-headed enough to hold the light high, and to watch Aerin. She set her shoulder in one of the ridged hollows at the base of the skull and heaved. Nothing happened but that Maur laughed louder; its laughter crashed in her head like thunder, and her vision was stained red. Then Tor found a niche for the candle and came to help her; they heaved, and heaved again, and barely the massive skull rocked on its base. Then her beasts came, and clawed at the thing, and chipped their teeth on it; their lady’s anger and their own fear gave them a wild frenzy, and the skull shuddered where it lay, but they could stir it no further, and Aerin cried at last, â€Å"Peace!† and laid her hands on her loyal friends. They calmed under her touch, but they panted where they sat, even the cats, the curved white fangs glinting in the dim light. The candle was burning low. â€Å"It’s no use,† said Tor heavily. He was still leaning against the skull, pressed up against it as if he loved the touch of it; Aerin grabbed him by the shoulder and yanked him away, and he staggered. He blinked at her, and a little more of Tor crept back into his eyes, and he almost smiled, and with his sleeve he rubbed his face where it had lain against the skull. Are you finished yet? inquired Maur’s head. No, said Aerin fiercely. I’m glad. This is the finest amusement I’ve had since you fled the banqueting-hall. Thank you for opening the door, by the way. Your folk by the City gates should taste me quite clearly by now. You shall not bully me again! Aerin said, and, almost not knowing what she did, pulled Gonturan free of her scabbard and slapped the flat of her across the base of Maur’s head where once the backbone had joined. Blue fire leaped up in sharp tongues that lit the entire vault, with its many shelves and cupboards and niches, and doors into further strongrooms. It was a ghostly unhealthy color, but the skull shrieked, and there was a crack like a mountain splitting, and the skull fell off its pedestal to the floor. Aerin hurled herself at it as it was still moving, and grudgingly it rolled another half turn; but as it fell, the thickness of the despair pressing around them weakened suddenly, and with something like hope again Tor and the beasts shoved too, each as they could; and it moved another half circumference. The moon was high by the time they reached the courtyard, for they could not take the most direct way – the size of the skull precluded all but the widest corridors. The night wind was cold, for they were sweating hard with their labor; and the moon became two moons as Aerin’s tired eyes refused to focus. Tor had found rope, and they had tried to drag the thing, but that had worked even less well than rolling it, so they went back to the rolling. It was not nearly round, and it progressed in lumbering half-circle flops, and each flop jarred Tor’s and Aerin’s muscles painfully; and they had been painfully tired before they began. â€Å"We must rest,† murmured Tor. â€Å"Food, â€Å"said Aerin. Tor roused himself. â€Å"Bring some. Wait.† The slightly moldy dry bread and more than slightly moldy dry cheese he found gave them more strength than they would have thought possible. â€Å"Second wind,† said Tor, standing up and stretching slowly till his spine cracked. â€Å"Fourth or fifth wind,† said Aerin grimly, feeding the end of her cheese to her beasts; â€Å"and the strength of panic.† â€Å"Yes,† said Tor, and they put their shoulders to the work again, the grim echoes of bone against rock ringing terribly in the dark empty City. Depression still gnawed at them, but in a curious way their weariness worked to their advantage, for depression often went with weariness, and so they could ignore the one as a simple unfearsome result of the other. Maur had lost its ascendance once Gonturan had struck it, and while the skull still stank, it seemed almost an organic stench now, under the open sky; no more than the faint rotting smell of ancient carrion. It was a little easier once they reached the king’s way; each heave grew a little less, the fall-over a little hastier, and the crash a little more forceful. Then it began almost to roll; for each circle it lurched seriously twice, but it did not quite come to a complete halt each time; Tor and Aerin needed only to push with their hands. Both Aerin’s shoulders were raw beneath her tunic, and there was a long shallow cut along her jaw where one of the dragon’s ear spines had caught her briefly; and the old cut on her palm from Gonturan’s edge throbbed dimly. Then, just above the City gates, the vast head broke away from them. It was not merely the incline, which was little greater now than it had been down most of the slope behind them; it was Maur’s final moment, and Aerin heard its last scream of gleeful malevolence as it plunged down the road. â€Å"Scatter!† shouted Aerin, just as Tor’ bellowed, â€Å"‘Ware!† The folk before the gates had indeed smelled Maur’s foul miasma after the door of the treasure house was opened, and most of them lay or crouched wherever they had been when that dreadful wind had first blown over them. It had lifted a little since, but the days past had been too much, and once undiluted despair had touched them they found it hard to shake themselves free. They shifted a little now, at the voices, and the desperate urgency in them, and looked up. The fire had burned down, for no one had had the strength of purpose to feed it since the treasure-house door opened. Maur’s skull struck the fire’s center, and the still smoldering branches flew in all directions, and the embers splashed like water; and while a few people cried out with sudden pain, there was too little fire to do much harm. The skull crashed into one of the fallen monoliths, which shattered, and then the black skull disappeared into the night, and there was a rumbling and an echo, like an avalanche, and the people, shaken out of their lethargy, looked around fearfully and wondered which way to run; but no mountains fell. The rumbling grew louder, till people put their hands over their ears, and Aerin and Tor knelt down in the roadway with their arms around each other. The rumbling became a roar, and then there was a sudden storm of wind from the battlefield, laden with the smell of death; but the death smell passed them and in its place came a hot, dr y, harsh smell like nothing the green Hills of eastern Damar had ever known; but Tor raised his head from Aerin’s shoulder and said, â€Å"Desert. That’s the smell of the western desert.† And on the wind were small gritty particles, like sand. Then the wind died, and the people murmured to one another; but though there was a half moon it shed no light through the thick shadows that hung over the battlefield. They built up the fire again, but not very large, for no one wanted to venture far to look for fuel; and they tended to each other’s burns, which all proved slight; and rounded up the horses again, who had been too tired to run far, even in terror. Aerin and Tor stood up slowly and came into the firelight, and the rest of Aerin’s beasts came joyfully up to greet them, those that were still alive, for many of them had not left the battlefield. She blinked up at Tor for a moment and said: â€Å"What have you done with the Crown?† Tor looked blank, then sheepish. â€Å"I left it in the treasure hall. Not such a bad place for it; it will be spending most of its time there anyway.† Aerin felt a curious tickling sensation at the back of her throat. When she opened her mouth she discovered it was a laugh. How to cite The Hero And The Crown Part Two Chapter 23, Essay examples

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Nestle Management free essay sample

Firstly we would thank Allah for giving us the opportunity and the resources to be able to do something productive with our lives. Without His blessings we would not have been able to come as far as we have. Then our sincere thanks to Miss Naima khurshid for helping us throughout this project. His guidelines have been very useful for us in preparing this project. He helped us find new ways of being innovative and creative. This project would not have been possible without her cooperation and continuous direction. Last but not the least we would like to thank our families for their incessant support and approval. . Introduction Engro Foods (Pvt. ) Limited (EFL) has been established in 2005 as part of a diversification process at the Engro Group. The plant located at Sukkur on 23 acre land, has the raw milk reception capability of 300,000 liters per day and UHT milk capacity of 200,000 liters per day. The plant has been established at a cost of Rs. 1 billion which provides direct employment to 750 people. Engro Foods has entered the Food business through milk processing and sale with the company’s vision to pursue growth opportunities based on country fundamentals and own strength. It also positions the company to leverage its corporate social responsibility initiatives and work closely with rural communities to promote integrated farming and livestock development. This effort is expected to play a pivotal role in poverty alleviation and improving livelihoods of the poor in the milk collection areas. Vision Our vision is to become a fast expanding mega foods company. To achieve our vision, the company will initially focus on dairy by investing a substantial amount in plant, milk collection capability and marketing. We are making concrete efforts to expand in and beyond Pakistan; through strategic international alliances, to eventually become global. Core Values 1. Leadership 2. Innovation 3. Diversity and International focus 4. Quality and continuous Improvement 5. Candid and open communications 6. Individual growth and development 7. Enthusiastic pursuit of profit 8. Ethics and integrity 9. Safety, Health and Environment Departments 1. Administration Efficient management of all administrative affairs of Engro Foods (Pvt. ) Limited is the job of the Administration department. From legal matters to general day-to-day operations of the office, the Administration department ensures that all affairs run smoothly. 2. Finance and Accounts The Finance and Accounting departments at Engro Foods are responsible for the total financial management of the different businesses of the company. From the usual accounting statements and sheets to risk and portfolio management, the team ensures that every rupee coming into and out of the Companies pockets is properly documented and audited. 3. Human Resource The Human Resource department at Engro Foods (Pvt. ) Limited spearheads the recruitment process to ensure that the finest human resource is taken on board at Engro Foods. Resumes of candidates are carefully filed and documented for current or future reference. The department, besides carrying out succession planning, maintains and implements HR policies pertaining to employment, retention and superannuation. Assessing training needs of employees and ensuring adequate training is also carried out by the professional HR team at Engro Foods. . Marketing Consisting of leading marketing professionals of the industry, who are graduates of top business schools of Pakistan, the Marketing Department ensures that from product need identification to product development, launch and post-launch, all strategic decisions are made based on authentic information and research. Identifying the target markets, effectively communicating to them and building the image of the brands as well as the Companie s, is the job of the professionals running the marketing at Engro Foods. 5. Milk Procurement As all of our food products are milk based, the entire Milk Procurement department plays a critical role in defining the quality of the end product that reaches our customers. Ensuring regular collection of fresh and pure milk right from the farmer to the factory and ascertaining the freshness of milk all across the milk procurement process, is the responsibility of Milk Procurement department, consisting of food Technologists working at the collection centers and veterinary doctors providing service to the farmers. 6. MIS The MIS department at Engro Foods ensures that all automation is running error-free at all times. Regularly modifying and updating the Companys accounting software is also the MIS teams responsibility. 7. Production Modern technology is part and parcel of Production at Engro Foods. The state-of-the-art plant set up near Sukkhar has a processing capacity of more than 300,000 liters of milk per day, making it one of the largest in the country. Professionally qualified human resource efficiently works night and day to maintain highest hygiene standards. . Quality Assurance Quality Assurance is strictly followed in Engro Foods. Qualified food technologists at this department ensure that highest quality parameters are adhered to through all steps of production and that the products reach the consumers as per promise. 9. Supply and Distribution This department ensures timely and effective distribution of the products to different shops and stores spread all across Pakistan. From transporta tion management to obtaining route permits and approvals, is done by this department 2. Objectives and issues In the recent few months, it seemed that everywhere one looked, there was either a billboard, a TVC or a radio jingle promoting a brand of milk – whether it was Haleeb, Nurpur, Pakola, Nirala, or, recently, Olper’s. But perhaps this isn’t surprising after all. Pakistan, according to recent statistics, is the third largest milk producing country in the world (32 billion liters per year from 50 million animals, with urban consumption at nearly seven billion liters). However, despite this high ranking, packaged milk, even according to the most optimistic estimates, has a mere four percent penetration. No wonder then that processed milk companies (PLMCs) have been rather aggressive in their advertising and marketing endeavors in an attempt to increase the penetration. Industry experts believe that the current economic turnaround has contributed to the growth in the PLM sector, resulting in increased consumer purchasing power. Another reason for growth is a growing awareness pertaining to health and hygiene; this factor, coupled with increasing dissatisfaction with loose milk, has also contributed to growth in this sector. However, in order to make a noticeable increase in penetration, many challenges and perceptions still have to be overcome by the PLMCs. The least important one, perhaps, is tradition. Milk, even amongst the most urbanized consumers, is synonymous with the early arrival of the doodhwala (milkman) at their home on his trusty bicycle (now replaced by a motorbike), reinforcing the impression that the milk is fresh, natural and straight from the cow. And it is this perception that only loose milk is fresh, and therefore healthy and preservative-free, that has to be overcome, if increased penetration is to occur at a substantial rate. Another hurdle in converting loose milk users to processed liquid milk is price. In Punjab, because most dairy farms are based there, loose milk is cheap at approximately Rs 24 per liter, while processed milk is priced at approximately Rs 38 per liter. In Sindh, however, the price differential between loose (Rs 28) and processed milk (Rs 38) is only Rs 10. Though hurdles such as consumer perceptions and price differentials have still to be overcome, the processed liquid milk market looks set to grow. There is a whole world out there to be converted, and it is a huge opportunity for PLMCs. If the economy remains stable for the next five years, penetration will increase at an amazing rate. 3. Executive summary This project is about the marketing plan of Olper’s from the time when ENGRO foods came up with the idea of adding a new product line to their already well established and long set of product lines to the point that they are still heavily promoting their product. We start by giving a brief history about Olper’s and how it came into existence. We talk about the corporate structure and organizational hierarchy of ENGRO Fertilizers, its mission statement and the vision. We move further with its goals that it has thought about for Olper’s and eventually the type of organizational culture of the organization. We discuss the types of marketing research conducted by the company before introducing it to the market and how they have segmented its target market and positioned the product in the minds of the consumers. We discuss the SWOT analysis in which we talk about the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats the organization is facing since its product was launched. Then the PEST analysis is generally about how the external factors affect the growth and stability of the product. We move further to talk about a variety of marketing strategies employed at different stages of the product life cycle, that is promoting the product and making consumers aware of Olper’s using the 4 P’s to the best of their abilities. The report also confers about the role brand equity played in increasing the sales for Olper’s. Firstly, there are the various ways employed by the brand managers to build and measure brand equity and once the customers start to accept it then how they have managed the brand equity of Olper’s. We conclude the report by discussing the social responsibilities in which ENGRO Fertilizers is involved and the future plans of the organization for Olper’s. 4. Situation analysis A. Market summary Psychographic segmentation On the basis of psychographics, factors such as personality traits, lifestyles and values, the marketers at Olper’s have segmented the market more towards achievers who are goal-oriented and focused on their careers, and experience those who are seeking variety in the milk sector. For example the ads for Olwell mostly show achievers who want to be successful, have high aims and are already doing quite well in their concerned fields. The Olper’s products have targeted experiences because the company has given them a new set of brand and so many will make their first purchase because they want to try something new. Olper’s ads also target believers, traditional conservative people with concrete beliefs. The ads for Olper’s show the beliefs of healthy life with processed milk and plays on the emotional aspect more. Behavioral segmentation Olper’s products have been segmented on the basis of benefits that consumers seek in the milk. In this case, people look for a brand that can be used for all purposes from drinking to tea whiteners as well to feed the animals. The ads also show that consumers should increase their milk consumption for example with every tea they should use Olper’s, every morning they should drink Olper’s and everyday they should feed their pets with Olper’s milk. There may be some hard core loyal in the milk sector. Loyalty maybe towards such established brands as Nestle and Haleeb. There might even be switchers and shifting loyal in the milk sectors that are either price sensitive or want variety. As a result, the marketers need to find ways to make the hard core loyal attracted to the Olper’s brand and shifting loyal and switchers to convert into hard core loyal as well. Market needs †¢It is the first brand which provides all characteristics of complete milk. †¢ Olper’s milk provides a variety in weights. †¢Olper’s milk offers a best composition of ingredients to their target market. †¢Company offers its product at comparative price. †¢Olper’s milk provides multi purpose milk for the cosumers. It can be used for making tea, milk shake, and for the drinking purpose and many more. Market trends: Diet Nutrition †¢Diet and nutrition are fundamental to health throughout life. A good diet can help reduce the risk of a number of health problems including obesity, heart disease, some cancers and type-2 diabete s. †¢ Whenever we are on a diet, we try to ensure that we do not consume many calories. †¢People of Pakistan are getting more and more health conscious due to more awareness about health and food. †¢Doctors recommend fat free milk to the high cholesterol, diabetes patient. And olper’s knows about the problems oe people and give the solution in the shape of olper’s milk. Market growth Olper’s management might consider possibilities for market development identifying and developing new market for its current product. Managers could review new demographic markets for its current products. Managers also could review new graphical markets. Olper’s management could consider product development offering new product to the current market for example, olper’s offer new products like tarang for tea making purpose and olwell a high calory low fat milk, and olper’s cream. B. SWOT Analysis Strengths 1. Engro’s back Olper’s is a brand of ENGRO foods. This means that consumers can relate their former image of ENGRO foods to Olper’s. ENGRO is a well established brand name in Fertilizer, IT and infrastructure business. The brand is well known so customers will automatically have a brand association with Olper’s and see it as a premium quality product. ENGRO is world renowned so it can easily attract foreign investors in backing it against other competitors such as Nestle. ENGRO foods can easily afford research and development costs for Olper’s have in order to introduce new products. It can also distribute the brand through better channels because of its long term relationship with distributors in the agriculture sector. 2. PR with farmers ENGRO has been interacting with the farmers for fertilizers and has gained quite a good reputation over the years. It has led to a strong bond and long term relationship with the farmers who are willing to supply milk to the company. This is an added advantage and strength for the company because it will never be short of milk production. The farmers also won’t have to look elsewhere to sell their milk. 3. Positive response from customers In first year, EFL crossed 1. 4 billion sales figure which shows customers’ satisfaction upon EFL’s products. 4. Its taste, quality proposition and world-class quality proposition system. 5. Strong consumer product research Olper’s done a strong consumer product research before and after launching the product. This has provided them the perfect launching pad to eventually emerge as a global player in the food industry. To develop its future portfolios, EFL has hired various global research partners like AC Nielsen, Mindshare, JWT Asiatic and MARS marketing and advertising agencies. 6. Third-Generation Plant EFL only, has the third-generation UHT milk plant in the country. EFL plant is the only plant in Pakistan that uses Bactofuge technology to virtually eliminate bacteria and ensure premium quality and hygiene. Moreover, it is also setting up another milk processing plant in Central Punjab (Sahiwal) with an investment of Rs. 2 billion (US $ 33 million). Weaknesses 1. Olwell TVC Olwell ad which is based on Western life style, ENGRO foods brand management showed a man who put off his clothes remain just in his undergarments, or half nude lady in a cat walk or men admiring the figures of a lady in mix gender health club. In this ad they are creating associations with the brand through the stripes, which is a highlight of Olwell packaging. Half naked people have been shown with tattoos of the same stripes in order to show that they are loyal consumers of Olwell. Also, the talent, situations and locations connects well with the ad to give Olwell a premium positioning. The brilliant marketing people at ENGRO Foods failed to analyze is that the market they are targeted the ad on, is Pakistan, where practicing Muslims reside, who have strong religious beliefs. When making the ad, the brand managers were focused on, making an ad that should give the brand the most premium look and feel amongst the target consumers but on the other hand they were least bothered about the ethics, religious beliefs and cultural values. 2. Owning Red Color The company has not owned the color red like Nestle has a green Milkpak; Haleeb has a blue carton etc. This may create problems because when a consumer enters a grocery shop, then he/she might have problems in recalling the brand because there is no color association attached to Olper’s. The company may need to find a suitable color in which to focus its upcoming marketing strategies. 3. Low Quality Milk EFL is not having its own dairy farms; it largely collects loose milk from farmers gwalas through its 40 milk collection centers, which sometimes is of low quality and impure because they add vegetable oil to milk to get higher prices. . Packaging EFL is dependent upon Tetra Pak for the packaging of its entire dairy products. Tetra Pak is the only option available to Olper’s for packaging because it is having monopoly in the packaging sector in Pakistan. Due to this reason, Tetra Pak can charge them higher and it could increase the production costs. 5. Milk collection distribution costs EFL’s 34 out of 40 milk-collection centers are located in Punjab, whereas it s only milk processing facility is situated near Sukkhur (Sindh). It increases the milk collection Distribution costs; and also increases the chances of milk getting spoiled because of increased traveling time. 6. Narrow brand portfolio It has been more than a year now, when EFL launched its first dairy product, Olper’s Milk on March20, 2006. But EFL’s brand portfolio still consists of just 3 products i. e. Olper’s Milk, Olwell Milk and Olper’s Cream. Whereas its competitors like Nestle and Haleeb Foods have a much diversified line of dairy products. Opportunities 1. Increased funding by Government Government has decided to increase farmers’ funding. This is an opportunity for ENGRO foods because previously due to weather conditions and other reasons there was lots of wastage of milk but now that can be reduced as farmers will be better able to store milk for longer time periods. 2. Increased consumption of PLM Competition may create opportunities for the company because each competitor in the milk industry wants to increase penetration of processed liquid milk and so they will create awareness for consumers through different advertising media. This will ensure the increase in the consumption of processed milk instead of lose milk and so will in turn lead to increase in sales for the company. Therefore there will be an opportunity for accelerated growth. 3. Awareness Growing dissatisfaction with loose milk and increasing awareness about health and hygiene issues have led to increased processed milk consumption. 4. Third largest producer of milk Pakistan is the Third largest producer of milk in the world with a total production of 32 billion liter of milk a year, whose value is more than that of the combined value of wheat and cotton, from a total herd size of 50 illion milk animals (buffaloes and cows). Livestock accounts for 46. 8 percent of agricultural value added and about 10. 8 percent of the GDP. Milk is the largest commodity from the livestock sector accounting for 51 percent of the total value of the sector. Due to the steps taken by the government and private sector, country’s annual milk production is expec ted to grow at an additional 3 billion liters in the next few years. This is quite an opportunity for ENGRO foods as there is lot of growth in this part of the sector. 5. Improving Economy Threats 1. Competition Competition may pose a threat because the company will have to maintain its leadership in an expanding market so that it doesn’t lose its market share to its competitors. For Olper’s it might be difficult to penetrate in a market where the loyalties exist for such brands as Nestle and Haleeb. These brands have been in the milk industry far too long and have left a mark in the minds of consumers in terms of quality. Competition seems to be getting tougher as a result of new players entering the dairy market. 2. Perceptions and Price Differentials Consumers’ perceptions and price differentials can cause a threat for the company. It is important that Olper’s comes up to the expectations of the customers and fulfills its conformance quality that is the company meets its promised specifications. Consumer’s preferences change with time and prices might create certain barriers in terms of the profit margins for Olper’s. For example, lose milk is still cheaper than packaged milk and that is also one factor that people still prefer to buy lose milk. C. Competition overview Following are the main existing competitors of the olper’s Nestle The main competitor of the olper’s is Nestle milk. Nestle is one of the leading companies in the world. It has very strong brands all over the world. Its advertisement and promotion strategies are very strong. So it is a big threat for the olper’s. It has also a very big product line. And it is a very stable and renown company. It also has a tea making brand named EVERY DAY. Haleeb It is the other competitor of the olper’s in the market. It is also a very stable and popular brand in the market. It is very establish and old brand as it is one of the pioneers of the tetra pak milk industry. Its market share is very large and most of the customers are brand loyal of it. Its distribution channel network is also very large. Good milk Another new competitor or the olper’s in the market is good milk. Its promotion and the advertisement strategies are very good. As it is a new product in the market so it does not have such a big problem as compare to nestle and haleeb. Indirect competitors There are indirect competitors also there like the milk mans in the cities and the local bakeries in the city which are producing the milk and the milk products. Like GOURMET in Lahore. D. Distribution channel overview According to Mr. Ali Akbar, Director Marketing EFL, â€Å"In order to succeed, you should ALWAYS capitalize on your STRENGHTS and NEVER on your COMPETITOR’S WEAKNESS. Engro Foods did exactly that. They used their decades of PR with farmers and used it to provide world-class supply-chain management for delivering the ultimate quality milk in Pakistan. Having kicked off simultaneously in 20 cities across Pakistan, the launch has been ambitious and currently Olper’s is available in 80 cities across Pakistan. It reflects the company’s intention to become a big player in the industry, both on a national and international level. Engro Foods Limited has its own dales and distribution network. EFL has divided Pakistan into five regions for milk distribution namely: Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad, Peshawar and Multan. Due to an appealing color scheme, which stands out in the clutter and thanks to the EFL’s strong relationship building and special discounts to retail outlets, Olper’s has gained a proper shelf placement in the presence of competitors like Nestle and Haleeb. E. Environmental factors When the rate of change inside the company is exceeded by the rate of change outside the company, the end is near. † Political/Legal Factors In year 2005, the Ministry of Industries and Production established Dairy Pakistan Company on the lines and model of Dairy Australia. The main objectives of the company are as under: a. To promote milk and other value added dairy products i n the domestic as well as international markets. b. To promote development and up-gradation of dairy supply chain in Pakistan by supporting and facilitating the farmers, processors and other stakeholders across the value chain. . To support dairy sector growth by way of supporting and facilitating business development services for the enterprises across the dairy value chain. d. To initiate and support interventions across the dairy value chain to enhance sector competitiveness through innovations and research. e. To promote technology development, transfer, assimilation, streamlining, acquiring and/or up-gradation across dairy value chain by undertaking new initiatives. f. To help introduce international best management practices for better productivity and operational efficiencies. g. To promote training and skills development of human resources associated with the dairy sector. h. To help create enabling/supporting/conducive business environment for enterprises operating in the dairy sector and propose new rules/regulations/bye- laws/standards for providing a level playing field and conducive regulatory environment for the development of sector and propose amendments thereof in any existing rules/regulations/bye-laws/standard in the sector and bring local industry in consonance with international standards. Economic Factors Inflation rate of Pakistan for the current fiscal year has grown to 7 percent. This thing is really hurting the purchasing power of Pakistani consumers. PLM which is already considered as more costly compared to open milk is becoming out of reach of general public. As a result, there is an increased pressure on PLM companies to either decrease Their prices or at least keep prices stable. Moreover, packaged milk industry which each year pays millions of taxes is not being given any relief in terms of taxes by the government. Competition is also increasing with the entrance of new domestic players in the dairy and food sector and plans to increase investments by the already established companies. Nirala, good milk, Pakola are the few names which have recently introduced their dairy product lines in the market. Major textile groups are also diversifying into dairy and livestock business and some of them have even acquired lands to start their business. Leading industrial groups such as Jamal Din Wali Sugar Mills, Dewan Group of Industries and Shakar Ganj Sugar Mills have already made substantial investments in dairy livestock sectors. In March this year, Nestle Pakistan opened a state-of-the-art milk processing facility in Kabirwala, Punjab. The plant, Nestle’s largest milk reception facility in the world has a processing capacity of 2 million liters of milk per day. Socio-Cultural Factors In order to make a noticeable increase in penetration, many challenges and perceptions still have to be overcome by the PLMCs. The least important one, perhaps, is tradition. Milk, even amongst the most urbanized consumers, is synonymous with the early arrival of the doodhwala (milkman) at their home on his trusty bicycle (now replaced by a motorbike), reinforcing the impression that the milk is fresh, natural and straight from the cow. And it is this perception that only loose milk is fresh, and therefore healthy and preservative-free, that has to be overcome, if increased penetration is to occur at a substantial rate. Over the years, all PLMCs, but especially the two older players, Nestle and Haleeb, as well as Tetra Pak (the company that packages the processed milk) have been making active efforts to convince loose milk users to switch to processed milk. In the last six years, Tetra Pak has launched three major campaigns aimed at changing consumer perceptions. Last year, Tetra Pak’s third campaign, Wohi Dhoodh Aur Kya? Milk, What Else? ) Addressed the misconception that processed and packaged milk has preservatives. The campaign talked about the benefits of Tetra Pak’s six-layered packaging material and innovative technology that keeps milk safe for a long time. The highlight of the campaign was the introduction of a buffalo character called, Moomoo, who explained why UHT milk stays safe and hygiene for a long time in a Tetra Pak carton. Despite these marketing endeavors, perceptions cannot change overnight; this requires patience and continuous investment to educate consumers on the benefits of packaged milk. Every product’s lifecycle consists of an introductory phase, growth phase and maturity phase. It takes time to change attitudes, especially in a culture where the concept of fresh milk is healthier option. Another hurdle in converting loose milk users to processed liquid milk is price. In Punjab, because most dairy farms are based there, loose milk is cheap at approximately Rs 20 per liter, while processed milk is priced at approximately Rs 38 per liter. In Sindh, however, the price differential between loose (Rs 28) and processed milk (Rs 38) is only Rs 10. As a result of price considerations, most PLMCs have not increased prices in the last 5 years. Moreover, Nestle and Haleeb have introduced smaller packages to cater to consumers with limited cash flows, although there is a convenience factor at play here as well. Technological Factors Different initiatives taken by the company, so far, to bring about a White Revolution in the country are: a) Farm Cooling Tanks Loan Scheme A mechanism for the operation of Farm Cooling Tank Loan Scheme has been proposed and guidelines are being developed for applicants. They will include standards for quality and hygiene for installation of the tanks and also details on the testing of the milk being received for composition and quality. b) Model Farms The targets for this project are to establish 50 farms by the end of June 2006 and 100 by the end of 2006. An Australian consultant is currently visiting Pakistan for this purpose. First 14 farms in Okara, Punjab have been formally established as model farms. These farms are generally of medium size and all supply to Nestle. One model farm has been established in Sindh. Efforts have been made to identify clusters of farms to be established as model farms at stage two. It is proposed to work with one group of small farmers who are currently part of Idara-e-Kissan / Halla and a further group of farmers in Sindh who currently supply to Engro. In stage three, it is proposed to identify further farms with probable extension of the programmed to NWFP. c) Other Policy Interventions Draft Quality Standards are being worked on by a SWOG group who has provided the first draft paper for discussion with stakeholders. It is necessary to open a dialogue with PSQCA, PSI and other interested parties to progress the stablishment of Food Safety Standards. Work is also being undertaken to establish a case for zero rating Dairy Products for sales tax. 5. Marketing strategies. Positioning the brand Positioning involves designing the product and image that will occupy a distinctive place in the minds of the target market. As can be seen, nestle milkpak and Haleeb have th e largest profit margins and market share in the milk industry. Thus the marketers at Olper’s have decided to create its own unique image and then strengthen the position in the customers’ minds. They have done this by taking a number of following steps: 1. Packaging of Olper’s milk and Olwell in red color and Olper’s cream packed in purple color are quite different and distinctive from the typical green and blue packing used by other competitors. 2. The brand has been positioned as an all purpose milk that is meant for everyone, especially for those who live life to the fullest, hence its tag line, â€Å"jo dil khol kay jeetay hain unheen kay liyay hai Olper’s† Olper’s always tries to create customer intimacy that is it focuses on satisfying the customers’ unmet needs. Processed milk is seen as less lacking all the nutrition’s that is part of milk due to passing through so many processes. But Olper’s positions itself as milk that has not lost its nutrients. The unique selling proposition for Olper’s is: Subah Bakhair Zindagi, but recently the company changed the USP to: Jo dil khol kay jeetay hain unheen kay liyay hai Olper’s. Both the tag lines have a very positive impact on Olper’s image because of the emotions involved in both the lines. The marketers have used different positioning for Olper’s products: a. They have used the attribute positioning for Olper’s milk. The main theme of the product is that it is meant for all purposes without any user imagery. Olper’s ads also show attributes of milk such as good for health. b. They used the benefit positioning for Olwell. The product is positioned as delivering the benefit of helping to reduce weight and for healthy bones. c. Olper’s cream is positioned as good for a specific use or application. In this case the cream can be used to make cake icings and desserts look great. It can be said that all the different stages have been performed by the marketers with extreme care and research. Product Olper’s Milk Launched on March 20, 2006, Olper’s milk is EFL’s standardized and homogenized pure UHT (Ultra heat treated) milk with 3. % fat and 8. 9 % solid non-fats. It is EFL’s premier Brand and the choice of quality-conscious consumers who only go for the best. It is available in easy-to-open, 6-layered Tetra Pak Brick Aseptic red packaging and comes with a 3 months shelf life. Shipping Units 1 Liter (1000 ml ) : 12 packs per carton ? Liter (500 ml) : 12 packs per shrink-wrapped tray ? Liter (250 ml) : 27 packs per shrink-wrapped tray Olper’s Cream The premium cream processed hygienically from pure fresh milk, Olper’s Cream is luxuriously rich in its thickness nutritional value. It promises the richest scrumptious assortment of tempting toppings, delicious desserts and creamiest coffee with its unique taste, also great for eating with bread etc. It was launched on September, 2006 and comes in 6-layered Tetra Pak Brick aseptic purple color packaging with 6 months shelf life. Shipping Units ? Liter (250 ml) : 27 packs per shrink-wrapped tray Olwell Hi-Cal Lo-Fat (HCFL) Milk Launched on December 15, 2006, Olwell is a low-fat, high-calcium milk with the richness of pure milk. It is an ideal choice for weight-watchers and heart patients. It is also high in calcium content, which prevents osteoporosis. Packed in 6-layered Tetra Pak Brick Aseptic red packaging with easy-to-open plastic cap, it comes with a 3 months shelf life. Shipping Units 1 Liter (1000 ml ) : 12 packs per carton ? Liter (500 ml) : 12 packs per shrink-wrapped tray Price EFL IS pursuing the competitive pricing strategy for its products. In competitive pricing the price of the product is determined considering the price of major competitors like Nestle, Haleeb etc. Olper’s Milk Olper’s Cream Olwell Hi-Cal Lo-Fat (HFCL) Milk Promotion Advertising Olper’s launch was, perhaps one of the most aggressive as far as processed liquid milk (PLM) is concerned, with TVCs, print ads, radio commercials, billboards and plenty of BTL (below the line) activities including direct consumer and shop branding activities. Due to this aggressive marketing campaign, the competition seems to be getting tougher. This can be gauged from the fact that Nestle re-launched its product packaging and marketing campaign just before Olper’s launch. One can also a far greater number of milk advertising billboards in Multan city than seen earlier like of Nirala, good milk and Nestle. Olper’s Milk Media mix for Olper’s milk includes TV, print, outdoor, radio BTL activities. Olper’s considers radio still an effective medium because A B house wives still listen to the radio on a daily basis. Post Mortem Graphics of the ad are excellent except the body copy which is quiet overloaded with information. TVC however, is excellent. The Signature ad (the product intro ad) was a 125 seconds ad with only 3 seconds of branding! This type of advertising has never been practiced in Pakistan. Using celebrities like Shan is not a good option as he has already developed his association with Mobilink. But overall Olper’s has done a great job in designing and executing its ad campaign. Olper’s Cream Post Mortem Color is soothing, caption is great. But the picture of the pastry is not attractive at all, the cream is barely there. It should be mouth watering picture of a desert with lots and lots of cream on top. Lifes a dessert is a boring statement. If you are a creative team, you can for sure come up with something new and fun! Olwell Hi-Cal Lo-Fat (HCFL) Milk Post Mortem The brand is positioned rather too narrowly towards SEC A. Nestle’s NesVita and Calcilock campaign was closer to a normal Pakistani consumer. Secondly, there are certain boundaries and cultural values that should be respected. Olwell ad is too much for me to digest and I have no options but to switch the channel. Engro has over done it and to make things worse it’s not as clear and well communicated as NesVita was. Segmenting and targeting the market for Olper’s It is difficult for any one company to engage in mass production, mass distribution and mass promotion for its product. The complexities arise from the proliferation of advertising and distribution channels and the high costs associated with reaching a mass audience. Therefore, companies segment the market so that they can target the group of customers who share similar needs and wants. The milk sector shows a market that has homogeneous preferences that is the consumers have similar preferences. They want milk to be white, carefully processed, and good for health and bones. Keeping these things in mind Olper’s market has been segmented. The marketers at Olper’s have had a number of options available to them when segmenting the market for their products. So far company has introduced three new products: Olper’s milk, Olwell diet milk and Olper’s cream. Demographic segmentation Olper’s products are not bounded to any particular age, gender or lifecycle stage. The brand is meant for all the users in higher upper or middle class families. Even though the brand calls for a small percentage of an individual’s income but lower class wouldn’t want to buy the brand maybe because they are price sensitive or because they believe lose milk is better than processed milk and has all the nutrients that the processed milk lacks. However all the companies in the milk sector are trying to change the image of processed milk as non-nutritionist milk? Therefore it can be said that Olper’s has been positioned as a brand for high income earners. Due to the income factor involved it can be said that Olper’s milk target a specific social class who are health conscious and concerned about their weight. Marketing Research conducted by ENGRO Foods Marketing research is an important step when a new product is to be launched into the market. There are many risks associated with that new product and especially when a company decides to diversify into a completely new market that it was not previously catering to. Thus in order to reduce the magnitude of the risks and to be successful, large organizations with a research and development department conducts the marketing research. Even those organizations that do not have a RD department can conduct marketing research through other companies that are providing the facility of marketing research. One such company is A. C Nielson that carried out the marketing research for ENGRO foods when the idea of diversifying into a new market was introduced. Marketing research is the systematic design, collection, analysis and reporting of data to the relevant parties. ENGRO wanted to setup a new fertilization plant but due to certain Constraints from the government weren’t able to do so Therefore, the organization decided to move into a new market. They came up with several options including telecommunications and power plant but they found out that the food industry held the greatest promise. It was an exploratory research that is the main goal was to shed light on the real nature of the problem in this case, diversification into a new market, and to select possible new solutions and ideas such as the food industry. They also went though the list of at least 1,200 names before they decided to introduce Olper’s. Olper’s is promoted as the milk for all-purposes. The reason for this is that while conducting research, they found out that people want milk that could be used for all purposes such as drinking, tea whiteners etc. Once the brand was introduced the organization wanted to add more product lines to it. Therefore they conducted another marketing research to find out the success of Olper’s. The researchers started off with secondary data that was available. They tried to uncover the level of complexity involved in such a decision and the magnitude of success. But that wasn’t enough so they started to collect primary data through the use of different techniques. The first started with survey research to understand the people’s beliefs, preferences and core needs that can be satisfied by introducing additional products. The researchers also conducted observational research to observe the people in different settings. They used it to find out which brand the people really bought, where did they take more time in purchase process and where did they look when they were shopping for grocery. This helped them to see the shelf-space that can be used. They used the method of shadowing that is they observed people while using the product. They also conducted unfocused groups where they interviewed a diverse set of people to explore ideas about the brand and what more they want in the food sector to be available to people. After the analysis of data researchers present the findings to the decision makers who pass the final verdict. Due to the positive responses of consumers, the decision makers Decided to go ahead with the idea of introducing more product lines to the food Olper’s brand. It can be said that successful marketing research helps the marketers to understand the costumers’ needs that are still unfulfilled. The two new products of Olper’s in the market are Olwell diet milk and Olper’s cream. The organization has further plans to expand more in this sector and introduce more products related to milk. Future plans Engro Foods Limited (EFL) announced its vision to emerge as a global player in the food industry with a proposed initial spending of over $200 million. The vision announced at a press conference in Karachi aims at transforming the company within the next five years into first national food industry iant, then into a regional force and finally into a global player. For the year 2007, the Board of the Company has already approved Rs 2. 0 Billion investments in capacity expansion and marketing, including setting up of a plant in Central Punjab. While unfurling its future plans, ENGRO Foods CEO Sarfraz Rehman stated, Our vision is to become a fast expanding mega foods company. To achieve our vision, the company will initially focus on dairy by investing a substantial amount in plant, milk collection capability and marketing. We firmly believe that there is a big dairy opportunity available and with our strong entry in UHT milk category, with Olper’s milk, we have placed ourselves ahead of others in terms of quality and consumer-understanding. It is our belief that we can get the maximum out of this opportunity by focusing on innovation and quality. – Press release ENGRO Foods is making concrete efforts to expand in and beyond Pakistan; through strategic international alliances, our vision is to eventually become global. He said that dairies have entered the market in the past but failed due to lack of technical expertise and financial soundness. Elaborating further, he mentioned that ENGROs 40-year-old relationship with the farmer also gives ENGRO Foods another edge over the competitors. The future plans also include as ENGRO Foods coming up with new products / brands to expand its portfolio in the dairy industry. The company will be launching new brands in various dairy categories after c ompleting solid consumer and product research. The company has already hired various global research partners to develop its future portfolio. The company also plans to encourage women in the companys workforce, especially in the milk collection areas, thus contributing to poverty alleviation. The company is already working with several NGOs and agencies and has recently signed an understanding with UNDP to initiate women’s veterinary workers programmed in addition to signing a micro-financing model for dairy farming with Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund (PPAF). BIBLOGRAPHY www. google. com. pk www. engrofoods. com. pk www. engrochemicalsltd. com. pk www. nestle. com. pk www. haleebfoods. com